Agriculture in Assam – A potential area of Economic Activities for Youths


Indian Economy is agriculture centric and so is true for NE Region including Assam. The country has made a significant progress in agriculture & allied sectors during the last six decades which can be well perceived with the record production of 284.85 million tonnes of food grain (2018-19) as against 50 Mt during 1950-51. Similar progress has also been made in horticultural sector (314.67 mt) and live stock sectors.
N.E. Region in general and Assam in particular is rich in Bio-diversity. The state is bestowed with abundant rain (> 2500mm), favourable climatic regimes, fertile soil, less chemo-centric agricultural practices and about 70 % of total work force engage in agriculture. The state is well identified for promotion of organic farming and as an area for bringing 2nd green revolution through inclusive agricultural growth with proper technology infusion and also leveraging the sustainable use of rich natural resources by inculcating the required motivation among the farmers, educated youths, revamping the extension machineries of the state, also creating  required infrastructure and provisioning human resources equipped with scientific knowledge & skilled and building adequate capacity to face the existing as well as perceivable challenges in future. By and large, the region is characterized by fragility, inaccessibility and marginality. Floods, soil erosion, landslides etc. are common to the region causing huge loss to the agriculture and economy due to its undulating topography, geo-physical settings with faulty land use systems. The farmers of the region are mostly small and marginal with small land holdings, low investment and low risk bearing capacity. Over 75% of the people of the region are directly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood, food and nutritional security. Therefore, improvement of agriculture has a direct and significant effect on the economy of the people of the region.


Richness in gene pool of different crops/ live stock/ fishes etc also need to be explored with modern biotechnological tools etc. for development of high yielding variety/breeds capable to tolerate different biotic & abiotic stresses. This definitely requires provisioning of competent manpower in agriculture & allied sectors. Opportunities exist for 3-4 fold increase in productivity of crops, livestock as well as in fishery sector.
Agricultural sector has tremendous potential for creating enough employment opportunity and income through creation of value chain for farm commodity right from production to consumption level. Presently, less than 20 % of our youths take part in agricultural activities. Mostly, the youths migrate to the urban areas in search of job. We have to make agriculture profitable and income from this sector needs to be enhanced to attract our youths towards farming. Technology led agriculture coupled with appropriate policies may play an important role in achieving the targets. The development of appropriate skills and inculcating the needed knowledge through massive capacity building programme may usher innovative ideas and confidence among the youths who will invariably have the leadership and entrepreneurship development ability.
The agriculture in Assam is still subsistence. There is urgent need to put concretive effort for bringing the required change in agriculture from subsistence form to economically viable enterprises infusing the needed economic activities from production to ultimate user level. This in fact will be possible with proper technology backstopping by creating appropriate human resource equipped with scientific knowledge and skills also building confidence and mindset enabling them to job provider instead of conventional job seeker.
Technology infusion vis-a-vis skill development to the stakeholders including the end user is of much importance in order to bring the needed agricultural growth. Revamping the extension functionaries of the university and the state through refresher course, exposure visits, promotion of much needed ICT tools, emphasizing on the availability of technology at easy reach of the end users, formation of agricultural disaster management squad, real time weather forecasting and providing timely agro-advisories/market informations, timely input provisioning are some of the prioritized activity for transforming much needed agricultural scenario.
We need to a massive growth of strong service sector in rural areas. Agribusiness and agri-clinics are required in a big scale. There are tremendous opportunities for economic activities in production and distribution of seeds/planting material, production, organic manure, biofertilizers, post harvest processing, value addition, farm mechanization, secondary and speciality agriculture etc. The region is acutely deficit in various livestock and fishery products. A concertive effort involving multi stakeholders blending with appropriate policies can transform all these potentials to reality

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